Plantae (land plants)
[= Embryophyta]
Life
> eukaryotes >
Archaeoplastida >
Chloroplastida
>
Charophyta > Streptophytina Classification
Anthocerotophyta (hornworts)
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Bryophyta (mosses)
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Marchantiophyta (liverworts)
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Tracheophyta
(vascular plants)
In older classifications there was the group Pteridophyta
(ferns and fern allies; i.e. all spore-bearing tracheophytes) which included
Equisetophyta, Filicophyta, Psilotophyta and Lycopodiophyta. |
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Lycopodiophyta (club mosses) |
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Euphyllophyta
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Monilophyta
(ferns, including horsetails)
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Lignophyta (woody plants) |
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# "Progymnosperms"
This is a loose term used to refer to
fossil lignophytes that are not seed plants. The most
well-known member of this group is the genus
Archaeopteris, which was a genus of large trees with
conifer-like wood, fern-like leaves and was
spore-bearing.
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Spermatophyta (seed plants)
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# "Pteridosperms" (seed ferns)
Known only from fossils, these plants looked like
ferns but had seeds. The name is put in quotes because this group is
probably paraphyletic because within it the gymnosperms and angiosperms
are likely to have evolved. |
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Gymnospermae
(gymnosperms)
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Angiospermae (or Magnoliophyta) (flowering plants)
A total of 433 families of which 257 are encountered
in southern Africa. There are 13389 genera and 265179 species
worldwide, of
which 2099 genera (15.7%) and 21807 species (8.2%) are native to southern Africa.
An additional 304 genera and 958 species are naturalised, and an
additional 1170 genera and 4564 species are recorded as being
cultivated in southern Africa. Thus, in total, 3573 genera (26.7%)
and 27329 species (10.3%) of flowering plants have been recorded as
being native, naturalised or cultivated in southern Africa.
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Links
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Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Contains up-to-date, comprehensive
information on the classification of flowering plants. The classification
adopted in Biodiversity Explorer is based mainly on the information from
this site.
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Plants of
Southern Africa (SANBI). A complete checklist of the plants of southern Africa
with links to additional information and images. Note that southern Africa
is defined here as including all countries south of the Cunene and Zambezi
River EXCEPT for Zimbabwe and Mozambique. Southern Africa is defined in
Biodiversity Explorer as including Zimbabwe and southern Mozambique.
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Plantzafrica.com (SANBI).
Website on indigenous plants of South Africa, with an emphasis on
horticultural species.
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The
Gymnosperm Database. Excellent site with in depth information on taxa in
this group.
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Flora of Zimbabwe. Excellent site with a full checklist of the
angiosperm flora of Zimbabwe as well as many comprehensive species pages
that include photographs.
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Flora of Mozambique. Companion site to Flora of Zimbabwe, produced by
the same people.
Publications
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Graham, L.E., Cook, M.E. & Busse, J.S.
2000. The origin of plants: body plan changes contributing to a major
evolutionary radiation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
97: 4535-4540.
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