Scyliorhinidae (cat sharks)
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Carcharhiniformes
Small sharks with slit-like eyes, small teeth,
and the 1st dorsal fin over or behind pelvic fins. Most lay eggs in
elongated egg-cases, but some are livebearing. Over 103 species,
with at least 15 in the area.
Species in Southern Africa
Apristurus manis
(Ghost
catshark) |
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Apristurus microps (Smalleye
catshark) A plain, dark, stout catshark with small eyes,
a thick long broad snout, mouth projecting well in front of eyes,
long labial furrows, and very short pectoral fins. Colour uniform
black, dark to medium brown, or grey, no markings |
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Apristurus saldanha
(Saldanha
catshark) A plain, dark deepwater catshark with
moderately large eyes, a thick long broad snout, long labial
furrows, stout body, mouth not projecting in front of eyes, and
large pectoral fins. Colour uniform grey-brown. |
 |
Apristurus
sp. (Black wonder catshark) |
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Bythaelurus lutarius
(Mud
catshark)
A slender, plain brown dwarf catshark with a
moderately long snout, short labial furrows, and no crest of
enlarged denticles on caudal fin. |
 |
Cephaloscyllium sufflans
(Balloon shark) A large, stout catshark with a broad, rounded
snout, no labial furrows, and 2nd dorsal fin much smaller than 1st.
Colour pale grey to brown above, with indistinct darker saddle-marks
variably present, underside white. |
 |
Galeus polli (African sawtail
catshark) A long-nosed, narrow-headed dwarf catshark with
large eyes, small labial furrows, and a prominent crest of enlarged
sawtooth-like denticles on the upper caudal margin. Colour
bronze-grey above, lighter below, often with several darker saddle
blotches but sometimes plain. |
 |
Halaelurus lineatus (Lined
catshark) A catshark with an upturned knob on the snout,
a narrow head, and numerous small dark spots on the body. Colour
pale brown with numerous pairs of narrow, vertical, dark brown
stripes outlining obscure dusky saddles. |
 |
Halaelurus natalensis
(Tiger
catshark) A yellowish-brown catshark with a prominent upturned knob on snout,
broad head, no spots, and pairs of bold, broad, vertical, dark brown
stripes outlining dusky saddles. |
 |
Haploblepharus edwardsii (Puffadder
shyshark) A shyshark with a typical (southeastern Cape)
colour form, sandy brown with seven dark reddish-brown saddles
bordered by black and numerous small dark brown and white spots,
white below. The rare Natal form (illustrated, possibly a distinct
species) has much darker brown saddles with irregular white spots on
a cream background, white below. |
 |
Haploblepharus fuscus (Brown
shyshark) The largest shyshark, usually plain yellowish
brown above, yellowish below, some with small light spots and
indistinct brown saddles. |
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Haploblepharus pictus (Dark
shyshark) A shyshark with 7 dark brown or blackish dorsal
saddles and additional dark blotches on yellowish-brown body and
fins, dark markings with few large light spots but without black
edges. |
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Haploblepharus kistnasamyi
(Natal shyshark) |
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Holohalaelurus punctatus
(African spotted catshark) A broad-headed catshark with small dark brown
close-set spots on a yellow-brown or orange-brown background, small
black pores on underside of head and body, and no labial furrows. |
 |
Holohalaelurus fusus
(Natal
Izak) |
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Holohalaelurus regani
(Izak
catshark or Halalujah shark) A broad-headed catshark with crowded dark brown
spots on a yellowish background, producing a netlike pattern of
light lines, small black pores on the white underside, and no labial
furrows. Young below 23 cm TL are blackish with white side spots. |
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Poroderma africanum
(Striped
catshark or pyjama shark) A large catshark with long horizontal black
stripes and short nasal barbels. |
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Poroderma pantherinum (Leopard
catshark) A stocky catshark with long nasal barbels and a
highly variable colour pattern of black spots, rings, and lines in
horizontal rows on a gray to whitish background, underside white.
Illustrated are a typical `pantherinum' form with lines and rosettes
of spots and two extremes, a `marleyi' form with large dark spots
(formerly considered a separate species), and a `salt and pepper'
form with small, densely packed black spots. Intermediates between
these extremes are common, and some individuals have the rosettes
partly fused to form irregular longitudinal stripes. |
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Scyliorhinus capensis
(Yellowspotted
catshark) A handsome catshark with bright yellow or
golden spots on a dark grey, barred body. 2nd dorsal fin much
smaller than 1st. |
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Text by Leonard J.V. Compagno, David A. Ebert
and Malcolm J. Smale
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